Images Working With PHP - PART II

Working With PHP
This Manual is for developing a web application starting fromScratch , we here discuss every thing from the Beginning and giving you a step by step knowledge , expecting you don’t know about the web development, how can you start web development, what is the requirements & tools, what is theeditors to be used etc.In spite of these we here give a step by step help section, print screens, Interview Questionsand appendix to actually visualize you to grasp the Logic as well as presentation of actual web development.
This manual, teaches you all flavors of development phases starting from Learning the concept, explaining with examples, basic requirement for a software development, tools software’s, leaning materials and giving the idea of how a software development process going on with providing DFD, flowchart E-R diagram, and suitable screen shots and of course project documentation.
And as soon as you follow this, at the last you must feel that the fear of the evil of development will go, and now you have capability to develop software.
Operating System Windows (XP, Vista) Introduction: Windows XP is a line of operating systems produced by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, notebook computers, and media centers. The name "XP" is short for "experience". Windows XP is the successor to both Windows 2000 Professional and WindowsMe, and is the first consumer-oriented operating system produced by Microsoft to be built on the Windows NT kernel and architecture. Windows XP was first released on 25 October 2001 Windows XP is a line of proprietary operating systems developed by Microsoft for use on general-purpose computer systems, including home and business desktops, notebook computers, and media centers. The letters "XP" stand for eXPerience. XP added improved support for gaming, digital photography, instant messaging and wireless networking. It added a personal firewall, and it improved the sharing of connections to the Internet. XP handles audio and video more efficiently than earlier versions of Windows, something which becomes apparent when you're using Windows Messenger. Why Microsoft created Windows XP Microsoft created Windows XP in order to update the user interface, add new features, unify the code base between the separate families of Windows, and to provide a more stable platform. . Windows XP, Microsoft's first OS to combine the Windows 9x code with the NT code, finally removing the MS-DOS layer from Windows 9x, was released on October 25, 2001. Windows XP recommended system requirements: • PC with 300 megahertz (MHz) or higher processor clock speed recommended; Intel Pentium/Celeron family, AMD K6/Athlon/Duron family, or compatible processor • 128 megabytes of RAM or higher • 1.5 gigabyte (GB) of available hard disk space • Super VGA (800 × 600) or higher resolution video adapter and monitor • CD-ROM or DVD drive Features of windows xp • Digital photography The features in Windows XP make it easy to transfer pictures directly    from your digital camera to your computer and even organize and share your photos. • Games for Windows Games for Windows open a wide world of fantasy and adventure.    Take a break from reality and have fun with friends and family at any age. • Making movies With Windows Movie Maker, you can use your computer to create and edit    home movies with a few simple drag-and-drop moves. Then you can share your movies    via the web, e-mail, your computer, or CD. • Music and video With its fast and flexible playback features, Windows Media Player    makes it easy to enjoy your favorite music and movies whenever you like. • TV and multimedia Take Advantage of these resources to get the most out of your Media    Center personal computer. • Instant messaging Windows Messenger lets you instantly communicate with friends and    family all around the world from your computer, using text chat and even voice and    video. For more information visit http://education.ebizelindia.com/computer_courses.php Windows vista: Microsoft's latest operating system, Windows Vista, has been met with less-than-overwhelming enthusiasm by the market. The first truly 64-bit Windows, Vista has been criticized as being buggy, and its huge resource demands -- much of it due to its3-D UI -- have irritated many consumers and left enterprises questioning the need to upgrade hardware just to be able to run the Vista OS. However, Windows Vista has been praised for dramatically improved security and some other features. Windows Vista is among a line of operating systems developed by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, Tablet PCs, and media center PCs. Prior to its announcement on July 22, 2005, Windows Vista was known by its codename "Longhorn." Development was completed on November 8, 2006; over the following three months it was released in stages to computer hardware and software manufacturers, business customers, and retail channels. On January 30, 2007, it was released worldwide, and was made available for purchase and download from Microsoft's website. The release of Windows Vista came more than five years after the introduction of its predecessor, Windows XP, the longest time span between successive releases ofMicrosoft Windows desktop operating systems. Features: 1. Searching & Organizing: Every folder in Windows Vista contains a search area that is used to find a particular file. Just type the name of the file you are looking for, or even type some information contained in the file. If you still can’t find it, Windows Vista provides a more thorough search tool to find the file you are looking for. 2. Security: The Internet grows larger every day, with literally hundreds of mil-lions of pages of information available to you. However, so too grow the number of viruses, spyware, and other such malicious software (referred to as ‘malware’). Windows Vista includes an arsenal of de-fences to help keep you and your data safe, such as Windows Firewall and Windows Defender. 3. Internet Explorer Windows Vista includes Internet Explorer 7, an all-new version of Internet Explorer with support for tabbed browsing, a wide range of multimedia content, and more. We will cover the basic use of Internet Explorer later in this manual. 4. Back Up and Restore Center: Windows Vista can back up settings, files, and programs to CD, DVD, USB flash drive, hard drive, or another computer on a network. Per-form these steps manually or use the automated scheduling option. 5. New User Interface (Windows Aero) Windows Vista features four different levels of user experience—Basic, Windows Classic, Standard, and Windows Aero. All controls are totally redesigned in Windows Vista and look even better now. The Aero user interface is the top of the line and takes advantage of the latest ad-vances in computer hardware. On computers equipped with graphics hardware that supports the new Windows Driver Display Model (WDDM), the Aero provides more stability and smoother window handling. The main element of this interface is the transparent glass de-sign, with subtle effects such as dynamic reflections and smooth an-imations. 6. Windows Ready Drive: Windows Ready Drive takes advantage of the latest hybrid hard drives to provide faster boot-up, hibernate, and resume. It works by writing data to the flash memory on the hybrid hard disk, which lessens the amount of spinning for the mechanical hard drive, thus saving battery power. And also increases the life of your hard drive. With a hybrid drive, Windows Vista can resume more quickly from Sleep because data can be restored from flash memory faster than from the spinning mechanical hard drive. System Requirements Windows Vista system requirementsVista Capable Vista Premium Ready Processor 800 MHz1 GHz Memory 512 MB 1 GB Graphics card DirectX 9.0 capable DirectX 9.0 capable and WDDM 1.0 driver support Graphics memory 32 MB 128 MB HDD capacity 20 GB 40 GB HDD free space 15 GB Other drives DVD-ROM For more information visit http://education.ebizelindia.com/computer_courses.php System requirements for Windows XP Home and Professional editions: System requirements for Windows XP Home and Professional editions as follows: Note 1: Even though this is Microsoft's stated minimum processor speed for Windows XP, it is possible to install the operating system on any computer with a compatible processor running at 100 MHz or faster. Note 2: Using 64 MB of RAM allows the user to complete simple tasks, such as browsing. Installation & Configuration Package: Installation of Wamp Package: For working in php platform we have to install all the three packages :ie, Pup, Mysql, Apache server. But it is your choice to how to install these, manually or installing a package containing the whole of the things. There are Different types of Lamp packages in market, which are available free in net. So this is not possible for us to tell giving you the installation of all of the packages Available in the market, and it is also hard to tell you, which one is best for you so here we describe the on ly two of them namely Wamp ans Xampp. Installation of Wamp WampServer is a Windows web development environment. It allows you to create web applications with Apache, PHP and the MySQL database. It also comes with PHP MyAdmin and SQLiteManager to easily manage your databases. WampServer installs automatically (installer), and its usage is very intuitive. You will be able to tune your server without even touching the setting files. WampServer is the only packaged solution that will allow you to reproduce your production server. Once WampServer is installed, you have the possibility to add as many Apache, MySQL and PHP releases as you want WampServer also has a tray icon to manage your server and its settings. Step by step Installation of WampServer on Windows XP platform Installing Double click on the downloaded file and just follow the instructions. Everything is automatic. The WampServer package is delivered with the latest releases of Apache,MySQL and PHP. Once WampServer is installed, you can add other releases by downloading them on this website. They will then appear in the WampServer menu and you will be able to switch releases with a simple click. Each release of Apache, MySQL and PHP has its own settings and its own files (datas for MySQL). Functionalities WampServer's functionalities are very complete and easy to use so we won't explain here how to use them. With a left click on WampServer's icon, you will be able to: - manage your Apache and MySQL services - switch online/offline (give access to everyone or only localhost) - install and switch Apache, MySQL and PHP releases - manage your servers settings - access your logs - access your settings files - create alias With a right click : - change WampServer's menu language - access this page How to start When you install WampServer, a "www" directory is created (generally c:\wamp\www). Create a directory inside for your project and put your PHP files in it. Click on the link "Localhost" in the WampServer menu or open your browser and open the http://localhost address. Add Apache, MySQL and PHP releases WampServer allows you to install almost all the existing releases of Apache, PHP andMySQL so you can reproduce exactly the settings of your production server. To add a new release, download it here and install it. Then click on the WampServer menu and activate the release that you want to use. Step 01: Open WAMP website.if u have internet connection then surf this urlhttp://www.wampserver.com/en/download.php other wise click here. if you don’t have net connection then open this folder and click the wampserver icon. For Downloading from net follow these instruction: Click the url shown Download the wamp version 2(Latest version) After downloading, now you have the wamp server2 -->fig 1 Fig-4: Step 2: Click the wamp server icon, It will open a window having buttons run and cancel Fig-5: Step 3: click the run button, you will get the wamp server setup wizard window Fig-6: Step 4: Now click “Next” to that window Then you have the window like this: Fig-7: click on “I accept the agreement” then click “next” ,it will ask for selecting the folder where the server copying its files and folder and making directory path, if you can not want to store it to different location then simply click “next” Fig-8: Step 6: And you will get the window like this(Fig 9):it will ask for creating icons on desktop and Quick Launch icon, llike this : Click “next” then you have a windows as : Step 7: Now as you click on “Install” Option then it will start downloading its files and folders (on default location if you were not selected any other location as” c:\ “) Fig-11: Step 8: after installing the wamp it will ask for the php mail parameters as shown in fig If you don’t want to change the default parameter, then simply click “next”. Then it will finally install and showing the window like this fig 13. Fig-13: Then press “finish”. Now your wamp server version 2 is now being install in windows operating system (On your computer). Installation & Configuration Package: Working With WAMP 1. Now the wanp is installed in your computer the icon should be come to your desktop. See fig 1. (If it will not appear on your desktop then go to start menu and find the wanp server and then click). Fig-1: 2. Then simply (double) click the wamp server icon: It will start the all services of wamp (Php, mysql, apache) And a icon of wamp services will appear on your windows tool bar,see fig 2. Fig-2: 3.click to that icon, it will open with different option like : Localhost, Phpmyadmin SqLite Manager www Directory phjp mysql apache start services stop services etc. See fig (3) Fig-3: Type localhost in the browser address bar You will come to the main page of wamp, from where you will go to your project or phpmyadmin. Fig-4: 4. as you see the fig go to phpmyadmin and then click it.your phpmyadmin will open in your browser, you will also type this url Localhost/phpMyAdmin/ at your browser, then you will finf the page phpmyadmin fig(5). Fig-5: 5. Now create database at this as shown in fig (6). By typing the name of your database. Then press create button. Fig-6: 6. Now you will get the windows like this fig(7) Fig-7: The create table(s) and also fill no of fields desired for this as shown fig (8). Fig-8: 7. Then press go Button. as you see the fig 9 Fig-9: You have fields, type, lenth, collation, attributes, null, default2, extra, and three radio buttons for primary, index or unique key, You can filled clolums like : field, (Name of the fiels or table coloums ex, student_id, student_name,student_Qualification etc) type : according to coloums you have to give the types as varchar int etc. lenths:Lenths of the field ,how much of it will take characters/value. Collation: Not required Attributes : Not required Null: depends on you if you want to null this field / or not to be null. Default: N/A. Extra: it is applicable for your primary key if you want to auto increment the primary kry this make this option to “auto increment”. Now: click on key radio button for the id field Z(which you want to make the primary key). Now that particular field be your primary key(You must know what is primary key). See fig 10 and 11. Fig-10: Fig-11: 8. And then press save. 9. Now your database is created with your table fig 12. Fig-12: You have different options like brows: for refresh ans see the table content sql: for sql query insert : for inserting data export: for copying the database content as file format. So this is all about your phpmyadmin now as you do practice with that you will be learn more of it. Note* you will create your project folder in wamp folder (default is c:\ Wamp) and all of yours files like html, php is to be stored in that folder and while you running your application just type Localhost/foldername /Filename.extension/ in browser. And get the result. Installation & Configuration Package: Installation of XAMPP XAMPP: XAMPP is a small and light Apache distribution containing the most common web development technologies in a single package. Its contents, small size, and portability make it the ideal tool for students developing and testing applications in PHP and MySQL. XAMPP is available as a free download in two specific packages: full and light. While the full package download provides a wide array of development tools, this article will focus on using XAMPP Light which contains the necessary technologies that meet the Ontario Skills Competition standards. As the name implies, the light version is a small package containing Apache HTTP Server, PHP, MySQL, phpMyAdmin, Openssl, and SQLite. For more details on the packaging and versions, refer to TABLE 1. In order to be able to successfully run XAMPP Lite, you will require 17 MB for the self-extracting ZIP Installation archive and at least 118 MB after it has been extracted on alocal hard disk or USB drive. What is XAMPP ? XAMPP is an easy to install Apache distribution containing MySQL, PHP and Perl. XAMPPis really very easy to install and to use - just download, extract and start. XAMPP Supported Platforms a version for Linux systems (tested for Ubuntu, SuSE, RedHat, Mandrake and Debian), a version for Windows 98, NT, 2000, 2003 and XP, a beta version for Solaris SPARC (developed and tested under Solaris 8), and a beta version for MacOS X. This MacOSX and Solaris versions of XAMPP are still in the first steps of development. Use at you own risk! In this tutorial, we will walk through downloading, installing, and setting up the XAMPP package. XAMPP is a free package that includes an easy-to-set up web server (Apache), database server (MySQL), and server-side scripting language (PHP). Setting up a local AMP (Apache, MySQL, PHP) environment has typically required configuring the different applications to work on their own, and then to work with each other. There is a version of the XAMPP package available for Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, and the Solaris operating system. XAMPP is free to download, and the package contains the following: • The AMP environment of Apache, MySQL, and PHP. • The software phpMyAdmin, the leading web-based interface to MySQL, which is needed to manage the database. XAMPP also comes with other features such as OpenSSL and FileZilla (an FTP server), that you may find useful. Download XAMPP http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php The installation walk-through in this tutorial only covers Windows. If you find yourself in need of further help, check out the XAMPP documentation page at http://www.apachefriends.org/en/faq-xampp.php. Simple Steps For Installing XAMPP Step1--> first type this url-->http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp.php. (Fig 1) Fig-1: Step2: Now select download Xampp(Simple) as shown in fig(2) Step 3: Now Next window shows different types of installation you may select only Zip format of XAMPP for Windows 1.7.0, 2008/12/22(Fig3) Fig-3: Step4: As soon as it downloaded click on the xampp icon.You will see the windo (Fig 4,5) Fig-5: Step 5: click on Run. 6. You will now show a small window as in fig6. Press ok button. Fig-6: 7. Now next window will come, as shown in fig (7); click “Next “Button. 8. You will see the next window, as in fig (8), which ask for installation path (Default is c:\,as shown in fig) if you not given the other path it will save files and folder c:\.fig, so press“Next”. Fig-8: 9. Now it will go to the window where it ask for services, click all (Apache, php, mysql) services. And press install (Fig 9). Fig-9: 10. Now it will upload its files as shown in fig 10. Fig-10: 11. Then after installing all the files, a window comes as shown in fig (11) press finish. Now next it will do something like that (fig12). Fig-12: 12. After doing all services active it will show message like (Fig 13), press yes. Fig-13: 13. Now after doing some necessary process (The process will start by xampp own, you don’t worry about it), it shows a window like this, Fig13. If it not shows that window, you just click(Double) on the xampp icon and it will move to the window like that, Fig(13). 14. This window is now ask for services of mysql, apache,filezilla(F.T.P)etc, click on start button on mysql, apache(And filezilla) it will shows window like:fig 14, it shows that the clicked services is now running. Fig-14: 15. Now open your browser and type localhost. You will get the screen like fig 15. Fig-15: 16. Now click on the link phpmyadmin as in (fig16), you will go to the next screen,phpmyadmin fig17. Fig-16: Fig-17: 17. Now create database, table run sql queries, (for details refer to the wamp Section “how to work on the wamp” step 4 on words.) *Note the the working directory where you make your project folder is htdocs ans you can save the all files in that folder (By default the path is http://localhost/my_project/) Manually installation Installation of Apache Manually installation of Apache Apache is a web server. In fact Apache is the worlds most popular and dominating web server with over 61% of all Internet web servers running Apache. A far second is Microsoft IIS, with a measly 19% of market share. Apache actually stands for "A patchy server". Since the original Apache was built from "patching" the original NCSA HTTP daemon in early 1995. Apache is not owned by a single commercial entity (like IIS is owned by Microsoft, iPlanet is owned by Sun/Netscape Alliance) ,Apache has been written in C, using a dynamic, modular architecture (much like the kernel module architecture) in which pieces of functionality can be inserted into the web server by loading pieces of code known as modules. This makes Apache highly extensible and configurable. Requirements The following requirements exist for building Apache: Disk Space: Make sure you have approximately 12 MB of temporary free disk space available. After installation Apache occupies approximately 3 MB of disk space (the actual required disk space depends on the amount of compiled in third party modules, etc). ANSI-C Compiler: Make sure you have an ANSI-C compiler installed. The GNU C compiler (GCC) from the Free Software Foundation (FSF) is recommended (version 2.7.2 is fine). If you don't have GCC then at least make sure your vendor’s compiler is ANSI compliant. Steps for installing Apache- Ref:(http://www.sebastiansulinski.co.uk/web_design_tutorials/ web_server/installing_apache_php_mysql_a.php) 1. Download the latest Apache source distribution from apache site link is: http://www.apache.org/dist/httpd/binaries/win32/ and then you have : File to download: Win32 Binary (MSI Installer): apache_2.2.11-win32-x86-no_ssl.msi after clicking it a window open, shows in fig(1) click it and then it will download the apache on your system. Fig-1: 2. Now the apache server is downloaded on your system,then on clicking,it will show a window like fig 2. Fig- 2 3. click on run Button,it will sow window like as in fig 3. Fig- 3 4. Do not do any thing it will itself come to next window like fig 4. Fig- 4 5. Click next, it will ask for license aggrement, click “I accept….” Option. And click next. Fig- 5 6. It will show a window like Fig6. and now click “next”. Fig- 6 7. While clicking on next it will shows a window, asking for:     Network domain      Server name      And administrator      Email. as in fig 7. Fig- 7 In the first two fields type in local host and in the last one info@localhost. We will be installing Apache as a service which starts automatically when computer starts therefore we select Port 80. If you are about to use your web server just from time to time then you may choose Port 8080. This way you would need to start Apache manually every time you are going to use it. And then click next. See fig 8. Fig- 8 8. Next window shows two types of apache (radio button) select custum.(Fig 9). And click     next. Fig- 9 if u want to change set up- then click on the custom radio button the next screen comes as in fig 10. Fig- 10 9. Next screen shows setup window, where you want to install apache, click on change, Because we want our server to be installed in C:\webserver click Change button to change the path of the installation. On click change you will get window like fig 11. Fig-11: 10. By default in will download it in that folder you may save it on c:\webserver(Note Only Backslash be given to here) fig 12. And click ok: Fig-12: 11. It will ask for saving at your required path Fig-13. Click Next. It will ask for Install Fig-14. So click Install. Fig-13: Fig-14: It will Show Like fig 15 And fig 16. Fig-15: Fig-16: Now It will show a window with finish button, Fig 17, Once everything is done click Finishto exit setup. Fig 17 Your Apache server is now being installed at your desired directory. You should now see a small Apache icon in the system tray. Fig 18: 7. Now let´s see if Apache is running. Open your browser and if you were installing Apache as a service (Port 80) then type in URL http://localhost and press Enter. You should see the same page as displayed above. If you were installing Apache using Port 8080 then you would need to first start it by going to Start > All Programs > Apache HTTP Server 2.0.59 > Control Apache Server and click Start. Then in your browers´s URL typehttp://localhost:8080. This should open the same page in your browser. Manually installation Installation of PHP In This Section we describe you how you install php. It is very easy, you just follow the steps. Step1: Download Php From php.net site For quick download please click here http://in2.php.net/get/php-5.2.9-win32-installer.msi/from/a/mirror Step2: when you download php on your computer, open it for installation (Double click on it).it will show a window as in fig 1.just click on run option. Fig-1: Step3: you will get a next window like fig 2. Fig-2: Step 4: Now you get the next window like fig 3. ckicl on next. The next window will ask for license agreement. as in fig 4.click “I accept…”. And click “Next”. Fig-3: Fig-4: Now next window appear will ask for php path where it to be install.as in fig5. by default it will install in “c:\program files\PHP\” Fig-5: Step6: Now then It will ask for web server setup As in fig6, where you want to set the php.select your web server name. Step7: Then it will ask for your web server directory path as shown in fig 7.browse your web server directory path where your apache is being install. Then click next. Step 8: Now a window will appear asking for the path where your php install. fig 8.then configure your php path. And click next. Step 9: it will ask for installation as in fig 9.click on “install”. Fig-9: Step10: Then it will start installing it as in fig10. Fig-10: ; Step11: Then it will show a message with a window” Finish” as in fig11. Fig-11: Settings For setting to php with apache do the following steps: Go to apache webserver folder and open httpd .config file and then---> 1.Add these lines in httpd.conf file of apache: AddType application/x-httpd-php .php #for .php files extensions AddType application/x-httpd-php .php3 #for .php3 files extensions LoadModule php5_module "C:/Program Files/PHP/php5apache2_2.dll" #path of your php .dll ( php5apache2_2.dll) where it is /name of the .dll file (php5apache2_2.dll) And to check, php is configured go to apache folder open htdocs folder create a .php/.php3 file write a php script Ex: <?php echo phpinfo(); ?> Manually installation Installation of MySql Here we teach you, how to install, Mysql database, this is very easy, just follow step by step procedure. 1. Download MySQL from Mysql Site Just make sure you get a Windows Essentials (x86) binary version. (click the "pick on downloads of windows essentials)Your mysql will ask for downloading and for just a click it will be download automatically on your desktop. 2. Now unpack the mysql pack or open it. 3. The next window will appear as shown fig1. Will ask for run, click on run. Fig-1: 4. It will Show a windows with message preparing to install as in fig 2. Fig-2: 5. And it will show a window like this fig 3.click on next. Fig-3: 6. Next Window will ask for types of setup, click on “typical” Option as in fig 4.and click    “Next”. Fig-4: 7. Next window will ask for installation, fig 5, click on install. 8. Next window do the installation automatically as shown in fig6.It will take some time. Fig-6: 9. Then after this a window will appear show a message for finish. Click on finish. 10. Now then it will show a window fig 7 for instant configuration wizard, click on next. Fig-7: 11. It will move to another window fig 8.for Detailed and Standard configuration, click on       standard configuration (You may be click to another choice) and then click next. Fig-8: 12. Now Next window will come, ask for mysql server instant configuration. As in fig 9, select      your choice as you want (We will select here for developer machine), and click next. Fig-9: 13. Next window is asking for database usage. as in fig 10, and click next. Fig-10: 14. Now Next window will ask for path where your mysql will store. As in fig 11.set the path       and click “Next”. Fig-11: 15. Next window will appear asking for concurrent connection to the server , set the choice       whatever you want, (we here select Decision support ,DSS option) as in fig 12. and click       next. Fig-12: 16. Next window will come, asking for network option, as in fig 13. and click next.( set for it      as by default). Fig-13: 17. Next window asking for default character Set, Set it as by default ( Standard Character      Set),as in fig 14.and Click Next. Fig-14: 18. Next window will ask for windows option, next as in fig 15. Fig-15: 19. A Window will appear asking for root password, you may enter password or we would      suggest you to leave it By Uncheck Modify security settings). As in fig 16.and click next. Fig-16: 20. Next window will asking for execution (Fig 17.) Click on execute.it will show a window       showing execution process. Fig 18 and 19.shows this process. Fig-17: If all the services will install properly it shows a window showing the configuration will successfully completed. Settings and configuration for Mysql For configuring your phpmyadmin just download phpmyadmin from its site and copy it to the htdocs of apache web server and to check where it works or not type locahost/phpmyadmin/index.php in the browser and enter it will show the phpmyadmin page.